Throughout his career, architectural artist Brian Clarke has endeavoured to fully integrate his medium within architecture. Widely considered the most important artist working in stained glass today, he has revolutionised not only technologies but also philosophical conceptions of what can be achieved through this medium. Equally important is his pictorial practice, explored in canvas paintings, collages, three-dimensional sculptures and leadworks. Clarke was born in Oldham, Lancashire on 2 July 1953 into a working class family. His father, Edward, was a miner, and his mother, Lilian, worked at the local cotton mill. His paternal grandmother was a Spiritualist and a medium, a peculiar presence that made him more receptive to art and poetry, as well as the concept that the past remains an alive presence within the present. Clarke’s first real encounter with a kind of art that was truly grand and elevating occurred in primary school, when he went on a trip to the cathedral city of York. As a young boy, standing in the nave of York Minster, he was overwhelmed by the power of stained glass, a multi-sensory experience that was so intense it made him faint.
Brian Clarke with Vespers
1953
Brian Clarke is born in Oldham, Lancashire, at 1:50 a.m. on the 2nd of July.
1965
Clarke is awarded a scholarship and enrols in the Oldham School of Arts and Crafts.
1968
Clarke’s family moves to Burnley where he gains entrance to Burnley College of Art.
1970
Clarke enrols in the Architectural Stained Glass course at North Devon College of Art and Design. Here, he meets several like-minded young artists, including Liz Finch with whom he initiates a lifelong relationship.
1972
Clarke and Finch get married and move to Preston.
1974
Clarke is awarded the Winston Churchill Memorial Travelling Fellowship to study medieval and contemporary stained glass in Italy, France, and West Germany.
1975
Clarke designs a suite of 20 windows for the Church of St Lawrence, Longridge, which is considered his first mature work in glass.
He organises the travelling exhibition Glass Art One, which features secular, autonomous stained glass panels inspired, in part, by Japanese-landscape painting.
1976
Clarke receives a large-scale commission from the University of Nottingham to produce 45 paintings, vestments, and a series of stained glass windows for a multi-faith chapel in the Queen's Medical Centre. One of the largest public art commissions of the decade, the process of design and installation is filmed by the BBC as material for a documentary.
1977
Clarke produces a series of paintings, ‘Dangerous Visions’, inspired by the nihilistic energy of Punk.
1978
As part of the Festival of the City of London Clarke co-curates GLASS/LIGHT, an extensive survey of twentieth-century stained glass, with British artist John Piper and art historian Martin Harrison, in collaboration with Marc Chagall.
1979
The BBC releases an hour-long BBC Omnibus documentary, Brian Clarke: The Story So Far, based on his studio practice.
In the same year, Clarke presents the BBC2 arts programme Mainstream and the BBC Radio 4 programme 'Kaleidescope', conducting interviews with figures including Brassaï, Andy Warhol, John Lennon, and Elisabeth Lutyens.
1980
Granada Television, known today as ITV Granada, releases the documentary Celebration: Time Lag Zero: Impressions of Brian Clarke.
1981
Clarke is commissioned to design and fabricate a stained glass artwork for the Grade II-listed Jewell and Withers Building at 22 Endell Street in Covent Garden, London.
Another important project carried out this year is a suite of stained glass windows for the Olympus European Headquarters in Hamburg.
1982
Clarke lives and works in Düsseldorf and Rome.
He designs stained glass for the skylight and clerestory, main hall, library and office of the King Khaled International Airport Mosque, Riyadh. To prepare for this commission, he studies Islamic ornament at the Quran schools in Fez.
1983
Robert Fraser Gallery, London, reopens with the solo exhibition Brian Clarke: Paintings. In the same year, he also presents work with Jean-Michel Basquiat at the exhibition Black/White.
1984
Clarke lives and works in New York.
The architectural practice Derek Latham and Co. asks Clarke to collaborate on the refurbishment of Henry Currey's Grade II listed Thermal Baths in Buxton.
In the same year, he designs a series of sculptural stained glass and windows for the new Government Building, Doha, Qatar.
He lectures in New York and Rome, and at the Royal College of Art, London. He serves as council member for the Winston Churchill Memorial Trust.
1986
Clarke lives and works in Rome.
The solo exhibition Brian Clarke: Stained Glass takes place at Seibu Museum of Art, Yurakacho, Tokyo.
He creates a painted installation of ‘Modular Assemblage’ for Texas Instruments.
1987
Clarke completes stained glass for the barrel vaulted roof of the Cavendish Arcade, Derbyshire, receiving the Europa Nostra Award.
1988
Architect Arata Isozaki approached Clarke to collaborate on the Lake Sagami Country Club in Yamanishi. Clarke designs a composition of stained glass for the central lantern and a series of interrelated skylights that referenced elements of Isozaki’s building.
He collaborates with Norman Foster and his architectural practice Foster + Partners on a proposed design for stained glass works for Stansted Airport's new terminal building. For the first time in the history of stained glass, computer-assisted design was utilised in its visualisation and design. The project remains unrealised.
1989
Clarke becomes a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.
He designs stained glass for the skylight of the Victoria Quarter, the world's largest stained glass window, in Leeds, England.
Another important project is the stained glass roofs for the Spindles Shopping Centre in his native Oldham.
He also designs the Arena and Stadia stage sets for The Paul McCartney World Tour.
1990
Clarke participates to several international exhibitions including Brian Clarke: Into and Out of Architecture at The Mayor Gallery, London, and Brian Clarke: Architecture and Stained Glass at The Sezon Museum of Art, Annex Tokyo, Tokyo.
1991
Clarke serves as juror for the BBC Design Awards.
He collaborates with Norman Foster and his architectural practice Foster + Partners to create stained glass friezes and a stained glass tower for Stansted Airport's new terminal building.
1992
Alongside many important commissions, Clarke creates an expansive blue cladding for the Hôtel du Département des Bouches du Rhône (which became known as Le Grand Bleu), in collaboration with expressionist architect Will Alsop.
Future Systems, the architectural practice of Jan Kaplický and Amanda Levete, asks Clarke to help them design The Glass Dune. He proposes an internal ‘skin of art’ for their innovative boomerang-shaped building, which was never realised.
1993
Clarke's stage sets are used for The Paul McCartney New World Tour. For the Spindles shopping centre in his native Oldham, he designs a stained glass skylight measuring 120 square metres in total.
1994
Clarke creates a mosaic for W.H. Smith & Sons at Mill Hill House, Abingdon, Oxon and CD covers of the Sir William Walton music catalogue, published by EMI Classical.
An important unrealised project is a collaborative proposal with Zaha Hadid for stained glass and mosaic at Spittelau Viaducts Housing Project, Vienna.
1995
Clarke designs the stained glass and mosaic ceiling for Pfizer Pharmaceuticals World Headquarters, Emery Roth and Sons Building, New York.
He is appointed Trustee of Ely Cathedral Museum of Stained Glass.
1996
Clarke accepts a commission to realise a sculptural stained glass artwork (known as the Stamford Cone) for UBS, Swiss Bank Corporation headquarters in Stamford, Connecticut. The artwork will be unveiled in 1999.
He submits a proposal for the Great Auditorium Paris Opera, Bastille.
1997
Clarke designs a set of stained glass for the Chicago Sinai Congregation Synagogue.
1998
Clarke is appointed sole executor of the Estate of Francis Bacon, acting on behalf of Bacon's heir John Edwards. In the same year, Edwards and Clarke donate the contents of Bacon's studio at 7 Reece Mews, London, left untouched since Bacon's death, to the Hugh Lane, the Dublin City Gallery.
2000
Clarke creates a stained glass facade and mosaic floor for Olympus Optical European Headquarters, Hamburg. He also completes the large stained glass wall for Al-Faisliah Center, Riyadh, in collaboration with Foster + Partners.
The Glass Wall stained glass window is installed for permanent exhibition at the Corning Museum of Glass in New York.
2001
Clarke is appointed Governor of Capital City Academy and Trustee for The Lowe Educational Charitable Foundation.
2002
Clarke is appointed Trustee for The Architecture Foundation.
The exhibition Brian Clarke: Transillumination, opens at Tony Shafrazi Gallery, New York.
He creates a controversial set of panels titled ‘Studies for Caryatids’, which depict muscular young men in beachwear by the sea.
2005
Clarke designs a set of stained glass windows for the choir of Linköping Cathedral, Sweden.
The exhibition Lamina opens at Gagosian Gallery, London.
2006
Clarke works with Norman Foster on the Palace of Peace and Reconciliation, a landmark building in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. He designs a 9,700 square expanse of stained glass for the apex of the pyramid, featuring imagery of soaring doves.
2007
Clarke is appointed Chairman of The Architecture Foundation and Trustee for the Winston Churchill Memorial Trust.
He is awarded a Honorary Degree in Literature from the Huddersfield University.
2008
The exhibition Brian Clarke: Don’t Forget the Lamb, featuring Clarke’s ground-breaking leadworks, opens at Phillips de Pury, New York.
2010
Clarke is commissioned to design stained windows for the new Papal Chapel of the Apostolic Nunciature, the diplomatic embassy of the Holy See to Great Britain, for the visit of Pope Benedict XVI to the United Kingdom, the first-ever state visit made by a pope to Britain.
2011
Clarke designs a cast bronze and stained glass sculpture for The Shard Plaza at London Bridge. The project is never realised.
The exhibition Brian Clarke: Works on Paper 1969-2011 opens at Phillips de Pury and Saatchi Gallery, London.
2012
Clarke is appointed Honorary Liveryman by the Worshipful Company of Glaziers and Master Glass Painters.
2013
The exhibition Brian Clarke: Between Extremities opens at Pace Gallery, New York.
2015
Clarke creates stained glass, mosaic, ceramics tiles and door and window furniture for a private house in Chiswick Mall, London.
He designs the new Fellowship Medallion for the Winston Churchill Memorial Trust.
The retrospective Brian Clarke: Works 1977–1985 - as curated by Robert Fraser, takes place at Pace Gallery at the Royal Academy of Arts, London.
The exhibition Brian Clarke: Spitfires and Primroses opens at Pace Gallery, London.
2016
Clarke is appointed Chairman and trustee of the Zaha Hadid Foundation.
His series 'Night Orchids' is exhibited at Pace Gallery in London.
2017
Clarke creates designs for a series of stained glass windows for the transept at Salisbury Cathedral. The project is never realised.
2018
Clarke is awarded a Doctorate of Humane Letters by the Virginia Theological Seminary.
He designs a set of windows for the Beaverbrook Country Club Coach House Spa at Cherkley Court.
Brian Clarke: The Art of Light opens at Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, Norwich. His ground-breaking free standing stained glass folding screens are exhibited for the first time.
2020
A new Blue Coat School is announced to be built in Oldham, Clarke's hometown, named the Brian Clarke Church of England Academy.
Brian Clarke: On Line opens at the Arts University Bournemouth.
The exhibition Brian Clarke: The Art of Light travels to the Museum of Arts and Design, New York.
2021
Brian Clarke: Vespers, an exhibition of Clarke’s series of watercolours and collages, opens at Phillips, London.
Canticles, a series of 27 watercolours, is exhibited at HENI Gallery, London.
2022
Clarke starts an ongoing series of collage-based works inspired by flowers, birds and other natural forms. He defines this artistic practice as ‘cutting into colour’.
2023
Brian Clarke: A Great Light, a solo exhibition showcasing artworks from the previous two decades alongside new stained glass work, opens at Newport Street Gallery in London. A highlight of the exhibition is Ardath, a monumental glass wall composed by 11 columns designed specifically for the gallery space.
2024
Clarke is knighted in the King's New Year Honours List for his services to the arts, likely becoming the first artist working in stained glass to receive the award.